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LATEST Jaw Crusher Working Principle Explained: Structure, Performance, and Applications

Jaw crushers are among the most widely used crushing machines in mining, quarrying, and aggregate production. As primary crushing equipment, jaw crushers play a crucial role in reducing large rocks into manageable sizes for further processing.

Understanding the working principle, structural design, and performance characteristics of a jaw crusher is essential for selecting the right equipment and optimizing plant efficiency.

With decades of experience in crushing technology, LIMING Heavy Industry provides advanced jaw crusher solutions designed for reliability and long-term performance.


1. Basic Working Principle of a Jaw Crusher

A jaw crusher operates based on the principle of compression crushing.

The machine consists of two main components:

  • Fixed jaw plate

  • Moving jaw plate

The moving jaw compresses material against the fixed jaw, crushing it into smaller pieces. This motion is driven by an eccentric shaft connected to a motor.

The crushing cycle includes:

  1. Material feeding into the crushing chamber

  2. Compression between jaw plates

  3. Material discharge through the bottom opening

This simple but powerful mechanism makes jaw crushers highly effective for primary crushing.


2. Main Structural Components

A typical jaw crusher includes:

  • Frame (heavy-duty steel structure)

  • Eccentric shaft

  • Flywheel

  • Toggle plate

  • Jaw plates (liners)

  • Discharge opening adjustment system

Each component plays a critical role in ensuring stable operation and efficient crushing.

Heavy-duty frames and high-strength materials are essential for handling hard and abrasive rocks.


3. Performance Characteristics

Jaw crushers are known for:

  • Large feed opening

  • High crushing force

  • Simple structure

  • Reliable operation

  • Easy maintenance

They are particularly suitable for:

  • Hard rock crushing

  • Mining applications

  • Primary stage aggregate production


4. Types of Jaw Crushers

There are two main types:

1. Single Toggle Jaw Crusher

  • Simpler design

  • Lower operating cost

  • Suitable for medium production

2. Double Toggle Jaw Crusher

  • Higher crushing force

  • More complex structure

  • Used for heavy-duty applications

Modern mining operations commonly use optimized single-toggle designs for efficiency.


5. Applications of Jaw Crushers

Jaw crushers are widely used in:

  • Granite crushing

  • Basalt crushing

  • Limestone processing

  • Metal ore crushing (copper, iron, gold)

  • Construction waste recycling

They are essential in both stationary and mobile crushing plants.


6. Key Factors Affecting Jaw Crusher Performance

Several operational factors influence output:

  • Feed size and hardness

  • Discharge opening setting (CSS)

  • Proper feed distribution

  • Wear condition of jaw plates

  • Motor power and speed

Proper adjustment and maintenance significantly improve productivity.


7. Advantages of Modern Jaw Crushers

Modern jaw crushers feature:

  • Optimized crushing chamber design

  • Hydraulic adjustment systems

  • Improved safety mechanisms

  • Higher efficiency and lower energy consumption

Advanced engineering improves both throughput and durability.


Conclusion

Jaw crushers remain the foundation of most crushing plants due to their reliability, strong crushing capability, and versatility. Understanding their working principle and performance characteristics helps operators achieve stable production and long-term efficiency.

With professional engineering expertise and advanced manufacturing capability, LIMING Heavy Industry provides high-performance jaw crushers designed for modern mining and aggregate operations.


Previous News

15/8/2025

15/8/2025

Common Crusher Failures and Maintenance Tips: Ensuring Long-Term Stable Operation

Crushers are critical pieces of equipment in various industries, including mining, construction, and recycling. However, like any heavy machinery, crushers can experience malfunctions over time due to constant wear and tear. To ensure optimal performance and prevent costly downtime, regular maintenance is essential. Below, we highlight common crusher failures and provide essential maintenance tips for maintaining their efficiency and reliability.

1. Excessive Wear of Crusher Components

One of the most common issues in crushers is excessive wear on the parts, especially the liners, jaws, and hammers. Over time, the crushing surfaces will wear down due to the friction and impact from the material being processed.

Maintenance Tips:

  • Regular Inspections: Check the condition of wear parts frequently. Replacing worn-out parts before they cause other equipment issues can save time and money.

  • Quality Materials: Choose high-quality wear parts made from durable materials to extend their lifespan.

  • Adjusting the Crushing Gap: Ensuring that the crushing gap is correctly set helps prevent unnecessary wear on the components.

2. Vibration Problems

Excessive vibration in crushers can result in mechanical failure and affect the structural integrity of the equipment. This often happens due to unbalanced loads or issues with the machine’s foundation.

Maintenance Tips:

  • Balanced Loads: Ensure that the crusher is always running with an evenly distributed material load. This helps reduce vibrations and enhances efficiency.

  • Check Mountings and Foundations: Inspect the mounting bolts, springs, and foundations of the crusher. Tighten loose bolts and repair any foundation cracks to minimize vibration.

  • Vibration Monitoring Systems: Installing vibration sensors can help detect abnormal vibrations early, allowing for timely intervention.

3. Blockages and Clogging

Blockages are a frequent issue, especially when processing materials with varying moisture content or sizes. Clogged crushers can cause operational delays, reduce throughput, and increase wear on the components.

Maintenance Tips:

  • Proper Material Feeding: Use appropriate feeders to prevent clogging. Material should be evenly fed into the crusher to avoid blockages.

  • Clearing Blockages: Regularly check for any material buildup in the crusher’s chambers, especially in the discharge area. A preventive maintenance schedule can minimize the risk of blockages.

  • Screening Systems: Utilize screening systems to remove larger debris and reduce the likelihood of clogging.

4. Overheating

Crushers can overheat when they run for prolonged periods without proper lubrication or when the load is too high for the equipment to handle. Overheating can lead to severe damage, such as warping or component failure.

Maintenance Tips:

  • Regular Lubrication: Ensure that the crusher’s bearings and moving parts are properly lubricated. Check lubrication levels regularly and follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for the correct type of lubricant.

  • Temperature Monitoring: Use temperature sensors to monitor the operating temperature of the crusher. High temperatures can indicate that maintenance is needed.

  • Avoid Overloading: Adhere to the recommended maximum load limits to prevent excessive strain on the equipment.

5. Bearing Failures

Bearing failure is another common issue in crushers. Bearings are subjected to high loads and stresses, and their failure can cause significant disruptions in operations.

Maintenance Tips:

  • Use High-Quality Bearings: Invest in high-quality bearings that can withstand high pressures and temperatures.

  • Routine Inspections: Regularly inspect bearings for signs of wear, such as increased noise or vibration. Replace bearings at the first sign of damage.

  • Lubrication: Adequate lubrication is crucial to the longevity of bearings. Make sure the lubrication system is in good working condition.

6. Electrical Issues

Electrical failures can disrupt the entire operation of a crusher. These issues often stem from power surges, faulty wiring, or damaged components like motors and control panels.

Maintenance Tips:

  • Check Electrical Connections: Inspect wiring and connections regularly to ensure they are secure and free from corrosion.

  • Use Surge Protection: Install surge protection devices to prevent damage from electrical spikes.

  • Monitor Motor Health: Regularly check the condition of the motor, looking for signs of wear, overheating, or strange noises.

7. Misalignment of Crusher Components

Misalignment between the crusher’s components can cause uneven wear, inefficiency, and increased maintenance costs. This often happens due to improper installation or operation.

Maintenance Tips:

  • Alignment Checks: Regularly check the alignment of the main shaft, bearings, and other critical components to ensure they are correctly positioned.

  • Proper Installation: Ensure that the crusher is installed according to the manufacturer’s specifications to avoid misalignment.

  • Monitoring: Implement a monitoring system that can track the health of the machine and detect any misalignment early.


6/8/2025

6/8/2025

Hematite Beneficiation: Advanced Methods for Maximizing Iron Ore Recovery

Hematite, a weakly magnetic iron ore, is vital to the global steel industry. With high-grade reserves dwindling, efficient hematite beneficiation processes are key for mining companies. This article covers leading technologies that boost recovery, cut costs, and support sustainability.

Key Hematite Beneficiation Technologies

Modern processing uses integrated methods tailored to hematite's properties:

1. Roasting-Magnetic Separation

Controlled roasting enhances magnetism, followed by magnetic separation. Increases coarse mineral recovery by over 15% for medium-grade ores.

2. Low + High-Intensity Magnetic Separation

For ores with 5-15% magnetite, first recovers magnetite with low-intensity systems, then processes hematite with high-intensity equipment. Boosts efficiency by 20-30%.

3. High-Intensity Magnetic Separation + Flotation

Removes over 60% of tailings early, reducing flotation load. Cuts chemical use by 30% while maintaining high concentrate grades.

4. Gravity-Magnetic-Flotation Integration

For complex ores with uneven particles: gravity pre-concentration, magnetic enrichment, and flotation purification. Achieves >65% concentrate grades and >80% recovery.

Core Advantages

  • Stage Grinding & Classification: Ball mills with cyclone systems control particle size, recovering 30% of concentrate early and reducing overgrinding losses by 40%.

  • Eco-Friendly: "Early recovery and rejection" minimizes flotation. Reverse flotation cuts organic chemicals by 50%.

  • Cost Savings: High-intensity magnetic separation desliming and tailings removal lowers operational costs by 15-20%.

  • 300-400tph_chile

Ideal Ore Types

  • Ores with uneven particles, especially >40% fine-grained material

  • Mixed ores with 5-15% magnetite

  • Ores with gangue minerals like quartz and kaolin

  • Previously uneconomical low-grade, fine-grained hematite

Adopting advanced hematite beneficiation is essential for competitiveness. Integrated processes improve recovery and quality while reducing environmental impact and costs.

Leave your requirements below for professional support.


31/7/2025

31/7/2025

Maximizing Efficiency in River Stone Crushing

River stone crushers are essential equipment for the production of high-quality aggregates used in construction, road building, and other infrastructural projects. These crushers are designed to efficiently break down river stones into smaller, uniform sizes suitable for various uses. If you're looking to invest in river stone crushing technology, it's crucial to understand their benefits, types, and the best marketing strategies for promoting your products.

Why River Stone Crushers are Important

River stones, also known as alluvial stones, are abundant in nature and are essential in the production of durable aggregates. Their hardness and shape make them perfect for concrete mixing, asphalt production, and base material for roads. However, crushing these stones requires specialized machinery that can handle the challenge of turning large, irregular stones into uniform, usable sizes.480557081_649563500991329_7151204237560718047_n.jpg

Key Benefits of River Stone Crushers

  1. High Efficiency: Modern river stone crushers are equipped with advanced technology that ensures maximum output with minimal energy consumption. This is crucial for reducing operating costs and improving the return on investment.

  2. Durable Construction: These crushers are designed to withstand the wear and tear of crushing hard stones. Their heavy-duty construction makes them ideal for long-term operation in harsh environments.

  3. Versatility: River stone crushers are versatile machines that can process a variety of materials, from river rocks to more challenging materials like granite and basalt. This adaptability makes them a valuable asset for any crushing operation.

  4. High-Quality Output: With advanced crushing techniques, river stone crushers produce high-quality aggregate with minimal fines. This ensures that the final product meets industry standards for strength and durability.

Types of River Stone Crushers

There are several types of crushers designed specifically for river stone processing. These include:

  • Jaw Crushers: Ideal for primary crushing, jaw crushers break down large river stones into smaller pieces. Their robust design makes them highly effective for heavy-duty applications.

  • Impact Crushers: Suitable for secondary and tertiary crushing, these crushers provide fine aggregates by using impact forces to break down river stones.

  • Cone Crushers: Used for secondary and fine crushing, cone crushers provide excellent particle shape and high crushing efficiency.

  • Vertical Shaft Impact Crushers (VSI): These are used for producing manufactured sand from river stones. They are especially useful in producing finer aggregates for high-performance concrete.

Contact online help you leave your requirements at the bottom for customized solutions.

23/7/2025

23/7/2025

Efficient Aggregate Processing Line for River Pebbles

Liming has built an efficient and reliable aggregate processing production line with the "golden partner" of HST single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher and S5X vibrating screen.

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This production line is mainly used to process river pebbles, with an impressive output of 250 tons per hour. It can efficiently turn river pebbles into high-quality aggregates with specifications of 0-5-20-40mm, which are continuously supplied to water supply projects as "rations", strongly ensuring the smooth progress of the project construction.

The core equipment of this production line plays a crucial role. The HST single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher, with its strong crushing capacity and stable performance, can easily cope with the hard texture of river pebbles. On the other hand, the S5X vibrating screen ensures uniform particle size of the finished aggregates with its precise screening effect.

The efficient cooperation between HST cone crusher and S5X vibrating screen is the key to the high performance of this production line. Their perfect collaboration not only achieves a stable output of 250 tons per hour but also guarantees the high quality of the finished aggregates, making this production line an ideal choice for aggregate processing in related projects.

If you are engaged in aggregate processing and have needs for processing river pebbles or other materials, this efficient and reliable production line may be your excellent partner. For more information, please click "Online Message".




17/7/2025

17/7/2025

Vietnam Limestone Sand Production Line: PE+HPT+5X Classic Configuration

In Vietnam, a high-efficiency gravel sand production line with Liming Heavy Industry's classic PE+HPT+5X configuration is running smoothly.

Key Performance: Processes limestone, 8 hours/day, 140 tons/hour. Accepts feed <30mm, produces qualified 0-4.5mm aggregates for local construction.

Advantages of Classic Configuration:

  • PE deep cavity jaw crusher: Strong crushing capacity with forged heavy eccentric shaft, high manganese steel jaw plate.

  • HPT hydraulic cone crusher: Laminated crushing for good particle shape and reasonable gradation.

  • 5X sand making machine: Integrates 3 crushing modes, meeting high-grade aggregate needs.

Clear Production Process: Blasted limestone → vibrating feeder → PE500×750 jaw crusher (coarse crushing) → conveyor → HPT300 cone crusher (medium crushing) → 4YZS1848 circular vibrating screen → 5X9532 sand making machine (processing) → 4YZS1848 screen → XSD3016 sand washer → clean qualified aggregates.

Customer Praise: "Satisfied with Liming's process and configuration. Many peers visit. Excellent service - local engineers assist promptly. Expected to recover cost in 1 year instead of 2."

This efficient, reliable line boosts customer profits and Vietnam's construction. For more on the classic configuration, click "Equipment Consultation" or "Online Message".



10/7/2025

10/7/2025

Zimbabwe Quartzite Gold Ore Processing Line: Empowering Efficient Gold Extraction

On the land of Zimbabwe, a processing line specifically designed for quartzite gold ore is operating steadily. This production line, with its professional equipment configuration and efficient production process, provides a solid guarantee for local gold ore heap leaching operations.

Tailored for Quartzite Gold Ore Characteristics

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This production line is custom-built according to the characteristics of quartzite gold ore. The feeding particle size can reach 500mm, and after a series of processing, it can produce finished materials of 0-15mm, which fully meets the material requirements for heap leaching. Moreover, the hourly output is stably maintained at 150 tons, and the efficient output gives more confidence to the advancement of the project.

On the land of Zimbabwe, a processing line specifically designed for quartzite gold ore is operating steadily. This production line, with its professional equipment configuration and efficient production process, provides a solid guarantee for local gold ore heap leaching operations.

Tailored for Quartzite Gold Ore Characteristics

This production line is custom-built according to the characteristics of quartzite gold ore. The feeding particle size can reach 500mm, and after a series of processing, it can produce finished materials of 0-15mm, which fully meets the material requirements for heap leaching. Moreover, the hourly output is stably maintained at 150 tons, and the efficient output gives more confidence to the advancement of the project.

Hardcore Equipment Configuration

When it comes to equipment configuration, it is indeed the "hardcore" part of this production line. The GF0942 feeder is responsible for orderly feeding the quartzite gold ore raw materials into the next link, starting the processing journey. Then, the PE600x900 jaw crusher comes into play, undertaking the task of initial crushing to break large ore into appropriate particle sizes. The crushed materials then enter the HPT300 multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher for further crushing, making the ore particle size more refined.

The materials processed by the cone crusher will be transported to the S5X2160-3 vibrating screen for screening to ensure that the material particle size meets the standards of subsequent processing. After that, the SP1220 feeder takes over to accurately transport the materials to the next process. The complete set of steel structures and steel structure buffer silos make the layout of the entire production line more reasonable and the material transportation smoother. In addition, with the convenient key console, operators can easily control the operation status of the production line, making the operation convenient and efficient.

This Zimbabwe quartzite gold ore processing line, with its excellent performance and reliable operation, is becoming a powerful driving force for local gold mining industry development, bringing more possibilities for efficient gold extraction.


1/7/2025

1/7/2025

Jaw Crushers: Your Go - to for Primary Crushing

In industries like mining, construction, and recycling, jaw crushers are the top choice for primary crushing. Their strong build, efficient performance, and wide - ranging use make them essential for turning large raw materials into smaller, workable pieces.

How It Works

Jaw crushers use compression. With a fixed and a movable jaw, the movable one swings via an eccentric shaft. Materials in the crushing chamber get squeezed and sheared between the jaws until they’re small enough to exit through the bottom opening. This simple yet effective design lets it handle tough materials like granite, basalt, and quartz easily.

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Why Choose Our Jaw Crushers?

High Crushing Power

Our jaw crushers offer an impressive crushing ratio, reaching up to 10:1 or more. This means large rocks can be crushed into smaller aggregates in just one go, speeding up your production process. For example, in a quarry, 1 - meter granite rocks can be quickly prepped for the next crushing stage.

Save on Energy Costs

Despite their strength, our jaw crushers are energy - smart. The optimized design cuts down energy waste, helping you process the same amount of materials with less power. That’s big savings, especially for large - scale, continuous projects.

Built to Last

Made with top - quality materials and precision parts, our jaw crushers can handle heavy - duty work. The wear - resistant manganese steel jaws last thousands of hours, and the sturdy frame and reliable drive keep the machine stable, reducing breakdowns and extending its life.

Ideal for Multiple Industries

  • Mining: The first step for crushing gold, copper, iron, and other metal ores, making mineral extraction easier later.

  • Construction: Key for producing aggregates for concrete, asphalt, and road bases. Also great for recycling construction waste into reusable materials.

  • Recycling: Breaks down large waste like metal scraps and wooden logs, ready for sorting and recycling.

Easy Maintenance

With a simple structure, maintaining our jaw crushers is a breeze. Replaceable parts like jaws and liners are easy to access and swap. Regularly lubricating moving parts keeps it running smoothly. Plus, many models have monitoring systems to spot issues early, saving you time and money on repairs.

Don’t miss out on boosting your productivity and profits! Check out our high - quality jaw crushers now and find the perfect match for your business needs.


26/6/2025

26/6/2025

Mobile Crushers and Screens: Your Ideal Solution for Efficient Material Processing

In construction, mining, and recycling, the need for efficient material processing equipment is rising. Mobile crushers and screens stand out, offering unmatched advantages over traditional static models.

Mobility & Flexibility

With track or wheel - mounted designs, these units are easily transportable. Process materials on - site at quarries, construction sites, or recycling depots, slashing transportation costs. In mining, move crushers as ore is extracted; in construction, adapt screens to changing needs for quick aggregate separation.

High - Performance Operation

Equipped with advanced tech, our mobile crushers (jaw, cone, impact) handle diverse materials, producing top - quality aggregates. Mobile screens, featuring high - frequency vibrations and durable media, separate materials by size, with adjustable angles and speeds for customized processing.


Wide - Ranging Applications

  • Mining: Crush ores at various stages, process hard rocks, and maximize value from old mine dumps.

  • Construction: Recycle waste like concrete into reusable aggregates, and produce materials for new builds.

  • Recycling: Break down and sort plastics, metals, and wood for efficient recycling.

Why Us?

  • Reliability: Quality components and strict checks ensure smooth, long - term operation.

  • Customization: Tailor equipment with different crushers, screens, and optional features.

  • Service: Expert support from consultation to after - sales, including training and technical help.

For a reliable, efficient material processing solution, choose our mobile crushers and screens. Contact us now to learn more.


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