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LATEST Jaw Crusher Working Principle Explained: Structure, Performance, and Applications

Jaw crushers are among the most widely used crushing machines in mining, quarrying, and aggregate production. As primary crushing equipment, jaw crushers play a crucial role in reducing large rocks into manageable sizes for further processing.

Understanding the working principle, structural design, and performance characteristics of a jaw crusher is essential for selecting the right equipment and optimizing plant efficiency.

With decades of experience in crushing technology, LIMING Heavy Industry provides advanced jaw crusher solutions designed for reliability and long-term performance.


1. Basic Working Principle of a Jaw Crusher

A jaw crusher operates based on the principle of compression crushing.

The machine consists of two main components:

  • Fixed jaw plate

  • Moving jaw plate

The moving jaw compresses material against the fixed jaw, crushing it into smaller pieces. This motion is driven by an eccentric shaft connected to a motor.

The crushing cycle includes:

  1. Material feeding into the crushing chamber

  2. Compression between jaw plates

  3. Material discharge through the bottom opening

This simple but powerful mechanism makes jaw crushers highly effective for primary crushing.


2. Main Structural Components

A typical jaw crusher includes:

  • Frame (heavy-duty steel structure)

  • Eccentric shaft

  • Flywheel

  • Toggle plate

  • Jaw plates (liners)

  • Discharge opening adjustment system

Each component plays a critical role in ensuring stable operation and efficient crushing.

Heavy-duty frames and high-strength materials are essential for handling hard and abrasive rocks.


3. Performance Characteristics

Jaw crushers are known for:

  • Large feed opening

  • High crushing force

  • Simple structure

  • Reliable operation

  • Easy maintenance

They are particularly suitable for:

  • Hard rock crushing

  • Mining applications

  • Primary stage aggregate production


4. Types of Jaw Crushers

There are two main types:

1. Single Toggle Jaw Crusher

  • Simpler design

  • Lower operating cost

  • Suitable for medium production

2. Double Toggle Jaw Crusher

  • Higher crushing force

  • More complex structure

  • Used for heavy-duty applications

Modern mining operations commonly use optimized single-toggle designs for efficiency.


5. Applications of Jaw Crushers

Jaw crushers are widely used in:

  • Granite crushing

  • Basalt crushing

  • Limestone processing

  • Metal ore crushing (copper, iron, gold)

  • Construction waste recycling

They are essential in both stationary and mobile crushing plants.


6. Key Factors Affecting Jaw Crusher Performance

Several operational factors influence output:

  • Feed size and hardness

  • Discharge opening setting (CSS)

  • Proper feed distribution

  • Wear condition of jaw plates

  • Motor power and speed

Proper adjustment and maintenance significantly improve productivity.


7. Advantages of Modern Jaw Crushers

Modern jaw crushers feature:

  • Optimized crushing chamber design

  • Hydraulic adjustment systems

  • Improved safety mechanisms

  • Higher efficiency and lower energy consumption

Advanced engineering improves both throughput and durability.


Conclusion

Jaw crushers remain the foundation of most crushing plants due to their reliability, strong crushing capability, and versatility. Understanding their working principle and performance characteristics helps operators achieve stable production and long-term efficiency.

With professional engineering expertise and advanced manufacturing capability, LIMING Heavy Industry provides high-performance jaw crushers designed for modern mining and aggregate operations.


Previous News

28/6/2024

28/6/2024

Annual production of 1.2 million tons of construction sand and gravel

Recently, the technical upgrading of the "1.2 million tons of construction sand and gravel per year" production line has officially entered the final stage. In the technical upgrading workshop, the orderly arranged production lines are running at high speed. The technical upgrading engineers are checking the various operating links in an orderly manner on the central control platform. The production line is completed in one go from feeding, crushing, screening, shaping to finished products.

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Through this technical upgrading, the company's production capacity has been increased from 300 tons/hour to 500 tons/hour. In addition to reducing energy consumption costs, the quality control of sand and gravel has been greatly improved, especially in terms of important indicators such as particle grading, mud content, fineness modulus, crushing value, and methylene blue value, which better meet customer needs and lay an important foundation for further expanding the sand and gravel sales market.


15/5/2024

15/5/2024

Differences Between CIL and CIP Gold Extraction

Carbon In Leach (CIL) and Carbon In Pulp (CIP) are two commonly used methods in the gold extraction process. Although both methods involve the use of activated carbon to adsorb gold, there are significant differences in their operation processes, equipment layout, and application conditions. This article will explore the differences between CIL and CIP, highlighting their respective advantages, disadvantages.

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1. Basic Principles

1.1 Carbon In Leach (CIL)

The Carbon In Leach (CIL) process involves adding activated carbon directly into the leaching tanks where both leaching and adsorption occur simultaneously. The CIL process includes the following steps:

  • Crushing and grinding the gold ore into a pulp.

  • Mixing the pulp with sodium cyanide solution to dissolve the gold into a cyanide complex.

  • Adding activated carbon to the pulp during the leaching process, where the activated carbon adsorbs the dissolved gold.

  • After leaching and adsorption, the pulp undergoes solid-liquid separation to recover the gold-laden activated carbon.

  • The gold-laden activated carbon undergoes desorption and electrolysis to recover the gold.

1.2 Carbon In Pulp (CIP)

  • The Carbon In Pulp (CIP) process differs primarily in the timing of adding activated carbon. The CIP process includes:

  • Crushing and grinding the gold ore into a pulp.

  • Mixing the pulp with sodium cyanide solution to dissolve the gold into a cyanide complex.

  • After leaching, transferring the pulp to a series of adsorption tanks where activated carbon is sequentially added to adsorb the dissolved gold.

  • After adsorption, the pulp undergoes solid-liquid separation to recover the gold-laden activated carbon.

  • The gold-laden activated carbon undergoes desorption and electrolysis to recover the gold.

2. Main Differences

2.1 Process Differences

Simultaneous Leaching and Adsorption: In CIL, leaching and adsorption occur simultaneously in the same step, whereas in CIP, leaching occurs first, followed by adsorption.

Process Complexity: CIP has a relatively simpler process because leaching and adsorption are separate steps. CIL requires more precise control of process parameters as leaching and adsorption occur concurrently, making it more complex to operate.

2.2 Equipment Configuration

CIL: Since leaching and adsorption occur in the same tank, CIL requires fewer tanks, but each tank is larger and more complex in design.

CIP: CIP requires separate leaching and adsorption tanks. Although there are more tanks, each tank is simpler in design and offers greater operational flexibility.

2.3 Gold Ore Characteristics

Ore Type Suitability: CIL is more suitable for low-grade, high-clay-content ores as these ores can clog the leaching tanks during processing. CIL’s design can better handle this issue. CIP is more suitable for high-grade, uniformly sized ores.

Pulp Handling Capacity: CIL requires stricter control over pulp concentration and particle size, while CIP is relatively more forgiving.

3. Advantages and Disadvantages

3.1 CIL Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:

Simultaneous leaching and adsorption result in a shorter process with faster reaction times.

Better suited for high-clay-content ores.

Disadvantages:

Requires precise control of leaching and adsorption process parameters, making it complex to operate.

Higher initial investment due to more demanding equipment and process design.

3.2 CIP Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:

Simple process with high operational flexibility.

Adsorption tanks can be used in series, improving adsorption efficiency.

Suitable for high-grade gold ores with simpler process control.

Disadvantages:

Requires separate leaching and adsorption tanks, occupying more space.

Less effective for high-clay-content ores.


The determination of the gold ore extraction process requires strict extraction tests and is determined by professionals. If you have any gold ore extraction needs, please leave a message below, one engineer from our team will contact you shortly.




2/5/2024

2/5/2024

New C6X series jaw crusher machine for sale in South Africa

Hot C6X series jaw crusher coming!We have a big discount in south aferica. Check the machine data below.


Features:

 Detachable and non-welded structure rack: The rack adopts separate design of side walls, front and rear walls, and is bolted and fixed.

 Replace the welding frame to avoid welding defects;

 Integrated motor base: saves about 15% of installation space; separate design

 Optimize the crushing chamber structure: the actual feed size increases and the crushing efficiency improves;

 Elastic limit shock absorbing device.

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Single unit output:

 The production capacity of a single machine varies depending on the machine model, with a minimum output of 80-290 t/h and a maximum output of 610-1510 t/h.

 500tph river stone EPC crushing project in Lhasa, China

 

Application: commercial concrete mixing station

Processed material: river stone            Capacity: 500T/H

Output size: 0-5mm, 5-13mm, 13-25mm, 25-31.5mm

Equipment: F5X1860 vibrating feeder, C6X145 jaw crusher, 2 sets of HST315 cone crusher, 2YK3X3075 vibrating screen, S5X2760-2 vibrating screen, 3 sets of S5X2760-3 vibrating screen, VSI6X1263 sand making machine, 2 sets of TX-36-45 fine sand recovery device, sewage system, 2 sets of dust collector


Get the favourable prices by leaving your requirements at the bottom of the site or online Chat.


25/4/2024

25/4/2024

The difference between NK and MK series portable crushing plant

The mobile crusher can be put into production in a short time, and the production line is more integrated when the space is limited. You can also flexibly change production sites.

The followings are two types of mobile crushers that we supply.

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NK Mobile CrusherMK Mobile Crusher

1. The frames are different.

2. The electrical control cabinet is different.

3. The configuration plans are different. NK focuses on small and medium-sized production lines (100-500 t/h), while MK focuses on medium and large-sized production lines (up to 800 t/h).

4. The finished belt configurations are different.


Leave your message below for the technical data and quotes!

24/4/2024

24/4/2024

Liming Showcase Innovations at MiningWorld Russia 2024

MiningWorld Russia is an internationally recognized exhibition dedicated to the mining and extractive industries. As a business platform, the exhibition brings together equipment and technology manufacturers with buyers from Russian mining companies, mineral processors and wholesalers interested in purchasing the latest solutions for the mining industry.

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Liming will take part in the MiningWorld Russia 2024 exhibition with our newest stone crushers and mills. Welcome to our booth to find out more details!


Date: April 23-25, 2024

Booth No.: C1009

Venue: Crocus Expo IEC, Pavilion 1, Hall 3, Moscow


12/3/2024

12/3/2024

With New Investment, Iron Ore Processing Project Marks a Breakthrough

Recently, it has been reported that Guinea's Simandou iron ore project has successfully secured a $15 billion financing, sparking widespread attention in the global mining industry. As manufacturers of iron ore processing equipment, we are filled with confidence and see tremendous development opportunities in this.

The Simandou iron ore project has long been under the spotlight due to its abundant resource reserves and potential development value. The successful financing of this project will inject new momentum into the mining industry in Guinea and the entire region. As suppliers of processing equipment, we will actively participate, providing high-quality processing equipment and comprehensive technical support to the project.

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The arrival of this investment signifies a new round of development opportunities for the iron ore processing industry. We will increase research and development investment, continuously improve the intelligence and automation level of equipment to meet the project's demand for efficient production and energy conservation. Additionally, we will enhance cooperation with the project stakeholders, offering customized solutions to tailor the most suitable production line, maximizing the value of resources.

The vigorous development of the iron ore processing project will drive the prosperity of the entire industry chain. Besides equipment provision, we will also actively engage in technical training and after-sales services, assisting the project stakeholders in enhancing production efficiency, reducing operating costs, and achieving sustainable development.

As manufacturers of iron ore processing equipment, we will continue to keep pace with the project's development, innovate continuously, and provide customers with higher-quality products and services, jointly creating a bright future for the iron ore processing industry.

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29/3/2023

29/3/2023

Heap leaching gold extraction process

[Process introduction] : Gold heap leaching process is to break low-grade gold ore to a certain particle size (or granulation), pile it on a leakproof bottom mat made of asphalt, concrete or plastic materials, spray with low-concentration cyanide, alkaline solution, non-toxic solvent or dilute sulfuric acid and other solutions on the mine heap to dissolve gold, and the gold-containing solution percolates out from the mine heap. Then the gold is recovered by activated carbon adsorption or zinc powder replacement precipitation.

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[Application field] : Gold heap leaching is often used to develop small ore bodies or low-grade gold deposits, or both, and cannot be exploited by conventional methods.

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18/3/2024

18/3/2024

Explore crushing and milling Opportunities at Our Booth - Spring Canton Fair Invitation

Dear customers,


We are thrilled to extend a cordial invitation to you and your esteemed team to visit our booth at the upcoming Spring Canton Fair, scheduled to commence in mid-April.

As one of the premier events in the realm of international trade, the Spring Canton Fair provides a dynamic platform for businesses to showcase their products, foster connections, and explore new opportunities. We are excited to be part of this prestigious event, and we would be honored to have you join us.

We will bring our new crushing and grinding machine with us there. Our team of experts will be on hand to provide insights, answer queries, and discuss potential collaborations. Whether you are interested in exploring new business opportunities, learning about our latest offerings, or simply networking with industry peers, we guarantee a valuable and enriching experience.

Here are the details of our booth:

Booth Number: Processing machinery and equipment exhibition area, exhibition hall 20.1, booth number K07

Location:  No. 382, Yuejiang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China

Time :April 15-19, 2024

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To ensure that we can provie you with personalized attention during your visit, we encourage you to schedule a meeting with us in advance. Please feel free to contact online help to arrange a convenient time.


We genuinely look forward to welcoming you to our booth and engaging in meaningful discussions that can pave the way for mutually beneficial partnerships and collaborations.We eagerly anticipate the opportunity to connect with you at the Spring Canton Fair.


Warm regards,

Liming Team

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